Introduction

3-Bromoaniline is an important intermediate compound in the field of organic synthesis, pharmaceutical development, and dye manufacturing. With its distinctive chemical structure and reactivity, it serves as a foundational building block for the production of various fine chemicals, agrochemicals, and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).

Chemical Identity

• IUPAC Name: 3-Bromoaniline

• Other Names: Meta-Bromoaniline, m-Bromoaniline

• Molecular Formula: C6H6BrN

• Molecular Weight: 172.02 g/mol

• CAS Number: 591-19-5

• Appearance: Pale yellow to light brown liquid or solid

• Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, ether, and chloroform

Structure and Reactivity

3-Bromoaniline features a benzene ring substituted with a bromine atom at the meta-position and an amino group (-NH2). This structural arrangement allows it to participate in a variety of organic reactions, including:

• Nucleophilic substitution

• Electrophilic aromatic substitution

• Coupling reactions (e.g., Suzuki, Heck, Buchwald-Hartwig)

Applications of 3-Bromoaniline

1. Pharmaceutical Intermediates

3-Bromoaniline is widely used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. It acts as a starting material or intermediate in the production of:

• Analgesics

• Anti-inflammatory agents

• Antimicrobial drugs

2. Agrochemical Industry

It serves as a precursor in the manufacture of herbicides and pesticides, contributing to crop protection and agricultural productivity.

3. Dye and Pigment Manufacturing

3-Bromoaniline is also employed in the synthesis of azo dyes and pigments, where its amino group facilitates diazotization reactions.

4. Research and Development

It is a frequently used reagent in chemical research, particularly in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, molecular scaffolds, and catalysts.

Handling and Storage

• Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area

• Keep container tightly closed and protected from light

• Use appropriate PPE (gloves, goggles, lab coat) during handling

• Avoid direct contact and inhalation; handle under a fume hood if necessary

Safety Information

• Hazard Statements: Harmful if inhaled or absorbed through the skin; causes skin and eye irritation

• Precautionary Measures: Use in a controlled environment with proper ventilation and protective equipment

• Disposal: Must be disposed of according to local environmental regulations

Conclusion

3-Bromoaniline is a versatile aromatic amine widely used in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and dye industries. Its reactivity and functional groups make it a valuable intermediate in the synthesis of complex molecules. With ongoing research and innovation, the demand for high-purity 3-Bromoaniline continues to grow across industries.

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